Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukucutshungulwa kwe-laser yezimboni kuye kwasetshenziswa ngokushesha kuyo yonke imikhakha yempilo, futhi kancane kancane kungenwa ezinhlelweni eziphezulu ezifana nezitimela zesitimela, i-aerospace, amandla amasha, imishini yasolwandle, imboni yezempi, njll. Uchungechunge lwemboni ye-laser yasekhaya luye kancane kancane. ukuvuthwa, ubuchwepheshe bezixhumanisi eziyinhloko buye bavala kancane kancane igebe, futhi amabhizinisi amaningana ahamba phambili aseqalile ukufakwa kuhlu, okusungule iphethini yemboni ngokuyisisekelo.Nokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni kuhlala kushintsha.Ngaphansi kwengcindezi yezindawo ezahlukahlukene eziyinkimbinkimbi ekhaya naphesheya, izinguquko ezintsha zingenzeka emakethe ye-laser.
1, Shintsha kusuka emakethe ekhuphukayo kuya emakethe yamasheya
Selokhu kwathuthukiswa imishini yokucubungula i-laser, isidingo semakethe yasekhaya sikhombise umkhuba wokwanda okuqhubekayo.Ukwenyuka kwemakethe ikakhulukazi kuvela ekuveleni okuqhubekayo kwesidingo esisha, okulandelwa ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo yemishini ye-laser.Okulandelayo ukuphumelela okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe be-laser kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamandla.
Ngaphezu kokumaka ngokwesiko, ukusika nokushisela, amafomu amasha anjengokuhlanza i-laser kanye ne-laser welding ebanjwa ngesandla avule izimfuno ezintsha zokufakwa kwe-laser eminyakeni yamuva nje.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezintsha, njengamabhethri, amandla amasha, izimoto, izinto ezigqokwayo, amaphaneli wokubonisa, izinto zokuhlanzeka, imishini yobunjiniyela, zandise isikhala sokusetshenziswa kwama-lasers, ngaleyo ndlela zaletha ukuthunyelwa okusha.
Ngokuqondene nemishini yokusika i-laser, ukuvela kwe-laser cutting sekuthathe indawo yezingqimba ezimbalwa zendabuko, ukusika amalangabi nokusika ummese wamanzi, futhi kungcono kunokusika i-plasma kumapuleti aminyene, kube yisinqumo esingcono kakhulu.Kusukela ukusetshenziswa kwe-fiber laser cutting ngo-2011, iphinde yathatha ingxenye ye-CO2 laser cutting.Ngokukhula okusheshayo kwamandla e-laser, abasebenzisi bokugcina baphishekela ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, futhi banesidingo sokuvuselela imishini.Izizathu ezimbalwa zenze ukuthi imishini yokusika ikhule unyaka nonyaka, ngisho nangaphezulu kwama-30% eminyakeni ethile.
Namuhla, ukuthunyelwa kwaminyaka yonke kwemishini yokusika i-laser yasekhaya kudlule amasethi angama-50000.Ngokuqiniswa kokuncintisana kanye nokwehla kwentengo yeyunithi yemishini, inzuzo yamabhizinisi nayo iye yacindezelwa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo somnotho siye sawohloka eminyakeni emibili edlule ngenxa yalolu bhubhane, futhi abakhiqizi bemishini ye-laser bebengaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu yokukhula.Kungabonakala ukuthi ivolumu yokuthunyelwa kwabanye abakhiqizi bemishini iye yanda eminyakeni emibili noma emithathu edlule, kodwa ukusebenza kanye nenzuzo akuzange kukhule kakhulu.Ngo-2022, ama-oda ezimbonini eziningi azokwehla, futhi abasebenzisi bokugcina bazonciphisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwabo ezintweni ezintsha.Imishini ethengwe eminyakeni emibili noma emithathu yokuqala isekude nokushintshwa.Kungabikezelwa ukuthi kuzoba nzima nakakhulu ukuthi imishini yokusika i-laser ifune ukukhushulwa kokuthunyelwa, futhi imakethe ye-laser izongena enkathini yesitoko.
Ngokomthetho wokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, ama-lasers asekhaya angena kancane kancane esikhathini esivuthiwe nezinzile, futhi iminyaka yesitoko izohlala isikhathi eside.Ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwemishini kungagxuma futhi kuqhubeke nokukhula kuncike kakhulu esidingweni sokunwetshwa kwemboni yokukhiqiza.
I-2, impi yentengo iphoqa ukuhlanganiswa kwezimboni ezijulile
Imboni ye-laser isineminyaka engaphezu kwengama-20 ithuthuka eChina.Ngemuva kuka-2012, ukwenziwa kwasendaweni kwama-lasers kanye nemishini ye-laser kuye kwathuthuka ngokushesha.Kusukela emandleni amancane kuya emandleni aphezulu, bangene empini yamanani ashisayo amhlophe ngamunye ngamunye.Kusukela ku-nanosecond pulse laser esetshenziselwa ukumaka ukuya ku-laser eqhubekayo esetshenziselwa ukusika nokushisela, impi yentengo ye-fiber laser ayikaze ime.Kusukela ku-kilowatt eyodwa kuya ku-20000 watts, impi yentengo iyaqhubeka.
Impi yamanani eqhubekayo yehlise kakhulu inzuzo yamabhizinisi e-laser.Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, amabhizinisi e-laser akwamanye amazwe akwazile ukugcina inzuzo enkulu cishe engama-50%.Eminyakeni yakamuva, ukwehla kwentengo okubukhali kwamabhizinisi endawo aseShayina ngelaser kuholele amabhizinisi angaphandle ngelaser namanye amabhizinisi aphuma empini yamanani.Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, i-laser engu-10000 watt yayidinga ngaphezu kwe-yuan eyisigidi.Namuhla, i-laser yasekhaya ingathengwa ngama-yuan angama-230000.Intengo yehle cishe ngo-80%.Lokhu kwehla kanye nesivinini sokunciphisa amanani kuyamangalisa.Eminyakeni emibili yakamuva, impi yentengo iphendukele emakethe ephakathi nendawo ephezulu.
Impi yamanani iminyaka eminingi yenze amanye amabhizinisi ahamba phambili e-laser alahlekelwa yimali.Ngenxa yezinga lokusebenza elinganele lezihlanganisi zemishini ye-laser ezansi nomfula, abanye abakhiqizi be-laser bakhethe umzila wokwehliswa kwentengo ukuze kugcinwe ivolumu yokuthunyelwa futhi kube nomthelela ekusebenzeni, okuqinise ukuncintisana emakethe ye-laser.I-avareji yemali engenile kanye nenzuzo yonke yezinkampani ze-laser yehle kakhulu.Iyunithi yentengo yemikhiqizo ye-laser ibisesimweni esibheke phansi, okuyingqinamba enkulu engaxazululeki embonini ye-laser.
Njengamanje, i-nanosecond laser esetshenziselwa ukumaka ayikancishiki, futhi inzuzo yokuthengisa isethi eyodwa ingaba amayuan angamakhulu ambalwa kuphela.I-high-tech yangempela isiphenduke intengo yeklabishi.Cishe ayikho indawo yokunciphisa intengo ye-fiber laser engu-1000 watt, futhi umthamo wokuthengisa uwukugcina ukukhiqizwa nokusebenza kwebhizinisi kwebhizinisi.I-laser yamandla amancane ingene ngempela enkathini yenzuzo ephansi, futhi amandla aphakathi nendawo kuphela anomkhawulo omncane wenzuzo.
Ngo-2022, ngenxa yomthelela walolu bhubhane emnothweni wasekhaya uwonke, isidingo sokucutshungulwa kwetheminali sibuthakathaka.Ukuze kuthathwe ama-oda, amanye amabhizinisi amakhulu azimisele ukwehlisa amanani, okuletha ingcindezi enkulu kwamanye amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi.
Amabhizinisi emkhakheni wemishini ye-laser anolwazi olufanayo.Njengoba umkhawulo wokuhlanganisa imishini uphansi, kuye kwavela amabhizinisi emishini ye-laser, futhi sekuvele amabhizinisi amasha kuzo zonke izifundazwe nezifunda.Imakethe yezidingo ayisasebenzi ezinkampanini zemishini eWuhan, iYangtze River Delta kanye nePearl River Delta.Imishini ye-laser inokuncintisana kakhulu kune-laser.
Ithrekhi yokuthuthukiswa yanoma iyiphi imboni ifana kakhulu.Lapho impi yamanani isiphela, imboni izongena ekuhlanganiseni.Kulinganiselwa ukuthi iminyaka emithathu ezayo izoba yisikhathi esibalulekile embonini ye-laser.Uma amabhizinisi e-laser ekwazi ukusebenzisa ithuba noma aphule indlela entsha ngokuthembela kubuchwepheshe kulesi sikhathi, angaya ezingeni eliphezulu futhi abe amabhizinisi ahamba phambili emikhakheni ehlukene.Uma kungenjalo bazosala emuva futhi bangase bagcine bekhishwe emdlalweni womkhumulajezi.
3、 Qedela ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo ye-laser esekelayo ukuze ithathe indawo yokungenisa
Esikhathini esedlule, imikhiqizo yemishini ye-laser esekelayo yaseShayina, efana nama-laser diode, imicu ekhethekile yokubona, amalensi optical, amakhanda okucubungula, amapulatifomu okugudluzwa, ukudluliswa kwe-optical, ama-chiller, isofthiwe, amasistimu okulawula, kanye nemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu incike kakhulu emikhiqizweni yangaphandle.Le mikhiqizo ikhule yaba yize e-China futhi ithuthuka ngamandla.Ngokuthuthukiswa kwamandla okusebenza kwe-laser, kubekwa izidingo ezintsha zemikhiqizo esekelayo.Amabhizinisi afanelekile e-China aqongelele kancane kancane ubuchwepheshe nolwazi, futhi i-R&D, ubuchwepheshe kanye nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo kuye kwathuthukiswa kakhulu, okuye kwashintsha kancane kancane indawo yemikhiqizo evela kwamanye amazwe.
Esimeni sokulawulwa kwemingcele yobhubhane, imboni ye-laser yase-China yehlise ukusebenzisana phakathi kontanga bangaphandle nabahlinzeki, futhi yabekela umkhawulo ukuthuthukiswa kwabakhiqizi abasekelayo nabasebenza phesheya kwezilwandle e-China.Abasebenzisi bathambekele kakhulu ekukhetheni imikhiqizo yendawo esekelayo, okusheshisa inqubekelaphambili yokushintsha imikhiqizo evela kwamanye amazwe.
Umthelela wempi yamanani embonini nawo uthinta umkhakha wokusekela imikhiqizo ye-laser.Ngokungeziwe kokuqukethwe kobuchwepheshe obuphakeme nokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi, izidingo zokweseka amabhizinisi e-laser esikhathini esizayo zizothambekela ekuhlinzekeni ngemikhiqizo esekela ngokukhethekile nengcono kakhulu ukuze kuzuze amakhasimende kanye nemakethe yokugcina.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-28-2022