I-Photochemical Etch Design Engineer's Guide

I-Photochemical Etch Design Engineer's Guide

Into enezakhiwo zensimbi futhi ehlanganisa izakhi zamakhemikhali ezimbili noma ngaphezulu, okungenani eyodwa yazo eyinsimbi.
I-Copper equkethe amanani athile ezakhi ze-alloying engeziwe ukuze kutholwe izakhiwo ezidingekayo zemishini nezomzimba.Izingxube zethusi ezivame kakhulu zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ayisithupha, ngalinye liqukethe enye yalezi zakhi ezilandelayo eziyinhloko zokuhlanganisa: Ithusi - isici esiyinhloko se-alloying yizinc;I-Phosphor bronze - isici esiyinhloko sokuxuba ithini;I-aluminium bronze - isici esiyinhloko se-alloying yi-aluminium;Ithusi le-silicon - isici esiyinhloko sokuhlanganiswa yi-silicon;i-copper-nickel kanye ne-nickel-silver - isici esiyinhloko se-alloying yi-nickel;kanye nama-alloys ethusi ahlanjululwe noma aphezulu aqukethe amanani amancane ezakhi ezihlukahlukene njenge-beryllium, i-cadmium, i-chromium noma insimbi.
Ukuqina isilinganiso sokumelana kwento ethile ekushoniseni noma ukuguga.Ayikho indinganiso ephelele yokuqina. Ukuze imele ubulukhuni ngokwesilinganiso, uhlobo ngalunye lokuhlola lunesikali salo, esichaza ubulukhuni.Ukuqina kokuhlehlisa okutholwe ngendlela emile kuyalinganiswa. ngokuhlolwa kukaBrinell, Rockwell, Vickers kanye noKnoop.Ukuqina ngaphandle kokuhlehlisa kukalwa ngendlela eguquguqukayo ebizwa ngokuthi i-Scleroscope test.
Noma iyiphi inqubo yokukhiqiza lapho insimbi isetshenziswa khona noma yenziwe ngomshini ukuze kunikeze ucezu lomsebenzi isimo esisha.Ngokubanzi, leli gama lihlanganisa izinqubo ezifana nokuklama nokwakheka, ukwelashwa kokushisa, ukuphatha impahla kanye nokuhlola.
Insimbi engagqwali inamandla amakhulu, ukumelana nokushisa, ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kwemishini kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.Izigaba ezine ezijwayelekile zenzelwe ukumboza uhla lwezakhiwo zemishini nezomzimba zezinhlelo ezithile zokusebenza.Amamaki amane yilawa: CrNiMn 200 series kanye ne-CrNi 300 series type austenitic;uhlobo lwe-chromium martensitic, uchungechunge oluqinile lwe-400;i-chromium, uhlobo lwe-ferritic lwechungechunge olungaqinile lwe-400;Ama-alloys e-chromium-nickel aqina ukujuluka anezici ezengeziwe zokwelashwa kwesixazululo nokuqina kweminyaka.
Kwengezwe kumathuluzi e-titanium carbide ukuze kuvunyelwe ukwenziwa kwensimbi eqinile ngesivinini esikhulu.Iphinde isetshenziswe njengendwangu yamathuluzi.Bheka Ithuluzi Lokuhlanganisa.
Ubuncane kanye nenani eliphezulu elivunyelwe usayizi we-workpiece liyahluka esilinganisweni esimisiwe futhi lisamukeleka.
I-workpiece ibanjwe ku-chuck, ifakwe kuphaneli noma ibanjwe phakathi kwezikhungo futhi ijikelezwe, kuyilapho ithuluzi lokusika (imvamisa ithuluzi lephuzu elilodwa) linikezwa eduze nomjikelezo walo noma ekupheleni noma ebusweni.Ngendlela yokujika okuqondile (ukusika eduze komjikelezo we-workpiece);ukuphenduka kwe-tapered (ukudala i-taper);ukuphenduka kwesinyathelo (ukuguqula ama-diameter amasayizi ahlukene endaweni yokusebenza efanayo);i-chamfering (i-bevelling onqenqemeni noma ehlombe);ukubhekana (ukusika isiphetho);Ukuguqula imicu (imvamisa imicu yangaphandle, kodwa futhi ingaba imicu yangaphakathi);ukukhwabanisa (ukususwa kwensimbi ngobuningi);kanye nokuqeda (ukugunda ukukhanya ekugcineni).Ezinsimbini, izikhungo zokujika, imishini ye-chuck, imishini yezikulufu ezizenzakalelayo kanye nemishini efanayo.
Njengobuchwepheshe obunembayo bokucubungula insimbi, i-photochemical etching (PCE) ingafinyelela ukubekezelelana okuqinile, iphindaphindeka kakhulu, futhi ezimweni eziningi iwukuphela kobuchwepheshe obungabiza ukukhiqiza izingxenye zensimbi ezinembile, Kudinga ukunemba okuphezulu futhi ngokuvamile kuphephile.key. izicelo.
Ngemva kokuba onjiniyela bokuklama bakhethe i-PCE njengenqubo abayikhethayo yokwenza insimbi, kubalulekile ukuthi baqonde ngokugcwele hhayi nje kuphela ukuguquguquka kwayo kodwa nezici ezithile zobuchwepheshe ezingaba nomthelela (futhi ezimweni eziningi zithuthukise) ukwakheka komkhiqizo.Le ndatshana ihlaziya lokho onjiniyela bokuklama okufanele ngiyakwazisa ukuthola okuningi ku-PCE futhi uqhathanise inqubo namanye amasu ensimbi.
I-PCE inezimfanelo eziningi ezikhuthaza ukusungula izinto ezintsha futhi “inwebe imingcele ngokufaka izici zomkhiqizo eziyinselele, izithuthukisi, ubunkimbinkimbi nokusebenza kahle”. Kubalulekile ukuthi onjiniyela bokuklama bafinyelele amandla abo aphelele, kanye ne-micrometal (okuhlanganisa i-HP Etch ne-Etchform) isekela amakhasimende ayo. ukubaphatha njengabalingani bokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo - hhayi nje abakhiqizi benkontileka engaphansi - ukuvumela ama-OEMs ukuthi athuthukise lokhu kuphindaphindeka ekuqaleni kwesigaba sokuklama.Amandla izinqubo zokusebenza zensimbi ezinganikeza.
Osayizi Bensimbi Namashidi: I-lithography ingasetshenziswa ku-spectrum yensimbi yobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, amamaki, intukuthelo nobukhulu beshidi.Umphakeli ngamunye angakwazi umshini ukushuba okuhlukene kwensimbi ngokubekezelelana okuhlukene, futhi lapho ukhetha umlingani we-PCE, kubalulekile ukubuza ngokuqondile amakhono.
Isibonelo, uma usebenza ne-micrometal's Etching Group, inqubo ingasetshenziswa kumashidi ensimbi amancane asukela kuma-microns angu-10 kuya ku-2000 microns (0.010 mm kuya ku-2.00 mm), aneshidi/ingxenye yobukhulu obukhulu obungu-600 mm x 800 mm.Izinsimbi eziphathwayo. zihlanganisa insimbi nensimbi engagqwali, i-nickel ne-nickel alloys, ithusi ne-alloys yethusi, ithini, isiliva, igolide, i-molybdenum, i-aluminium.Kanye nezinsimbi okunzima ukuzisebenzisa umshini, okuhlanganisa izinto ezigqwala kakhulu njenge-titanium nama-alloys ayo.
Ukubekezelelwa Okujwayelekile Kwe-Etch: Ukubekezelelana kuyisihluthulelo sokucatshangelwa kunoma iyiphi idizayini, futhi ukubekezelelwa kwe-PCE kungahluka kuye ngogqinsi lwempahla, impahla, namakhono nolwazi lomphakeli we-PCE.
Inqubo ye-micrometal Etching Group ingakhiqiza izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinokubekezelela okuphansi okungama-±7 microns, kuye ngokuthi impahla kanye nogqinsi lwazo, oluhlukile kuzo zonke ezinye izindlela zokwenza insimbi. izandlalelo ze-photoresist ezizacile (ezingu-2-8 micron), ezivumela ukunemba okukhulu ngesikhathi sokuqoshwa kwamakhemikhali.Inika amandla i-Etching Group ukuthi ifinyelele osayizi besici abancane kakhulu bamamicron angu-25, ama-apertures amancane angamaphesenti angu-80 ogqinsi lwempahla, kanye nokubekezelelana kwe-micron enedijithi eyodwa okuphindaphindwayo.
Njengomhlahlandlela, i-micrometal's Etching Group ingakwazi ukucubungula insimbi engagqwali, i-nickel ne-alloys yethusi kufika kuma-microns angu-400 ubukhulu ngosayizi besici obuphansi obungama-80% wogqinsi lwempahla, nokubekezelela okungu-±10% kogqinsi.Insimbi engagqwali, nickel nethusi. nezinye izinto ezifana ne-tin, i-aluminium, isiliva, igolide, i-molybdenum ne-titanium ewugqinsi kunama-microns angu-400 ingaba nosayizi wesici obuphansi obufika ku-120% wogqinsi lwempahla enokubekezelela okungu-±10% kogqinsi.
I-PCE yendabuko isebenzisa ukumelana nefilimu eyomile eqinile, ebeka engcupheni ukunemba kwengxenye yokugcina nokubekezelelana okutholakalayo, futhi ingafinyelela kuphela osayizi besici be-100 microns kanye nokuvula okuncane kwe-100 kuya ku-200 iphesenti lokujiya kwezinto.
Kwezinye izimo, amasu endabuko okusebenza kwensimbi angafinyelela ukubekezelelana okuqinile, kodwa kunemikhawulo.Isibonelo, ukusika nge-laser kungaba nembe kuze kufike ku-5% wogqinsi lwensimbi, kodwa usayizi wesici ophansi wawo ukhawulelwe ku-0.2 mm.PCE ungafinyelela izinga eliphansi. usayizi wesici ongu-0.1mm kanye nokuvuleka okuncane kuno-0.050mm kungenzeka.
Futhi, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukusika i-laser kuyindlela yokwenza insimbi “yephuzu elilodwa,” okusho ukuthi ngokuvamile kubiza kakhulu ezingxenyeni eziyinkimbinkimbi njengama-meshes, futhi ayikwazi ukufeza ukujula/ izici zokuqopha ezidingekayo kumishini ewuketshezi efana nezibaseli zisebenzisa i-etching ejulile. Amabhethri nezishintshi zokushisa zitholakala kalula.
Uma kuziwa ekhonweni lokuphindaphinda ukunemba okunembayo namandla kasayizi wesici esincane we-PCE, ukugxiviza kungase kusondele kakhulu, kodwa ukuhweba ukucindezeleka okusetshenziswa ngenkathi kwenziwa insimbi kanye nesici se-burr esalayo. lokunyathela.
Izingxenye ezinesitembu zidinga ukucubungula okumba eqolo futhi akwenzeki ngesikhathi esifushane ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi ensimbi abizayo ukuze kukhiqizwe izingxenye.Ukwengeza, ukugqoka kwamathuluzi kuyinkinga lapho kwenziwa izinsimbi eziqinile, ngokuvamile ezidinga ukulungiswa okubizayo nokuthatha isikhathi.PCE icaciswa abaklami abaningi beziphethu ezigobayo nabaklami bezingxenye zensimbi eziyinkimbinkimbi ngenxa yezindawo zayo ezingena-burr- kanye ne-stress-free, ukugqoka kwamathuluzi ayiziro, kanye nesivinini sokuhlinzeka.
Izici ezihlukile ngaphandle kwezindleko ezengeziwe: Izici eziyingqayizivele zingasungulwa emikhiqizweni eyenziwe kusetshenziswa i-lithography ngenxa “yamathiphu” onqenqema atholakala kule nqubo. njengalezo ezisetshenziselwa izindwani zezokwelapha, noma izimbobo ezicijile zokuqondisa ukugeleza koketshezi esikrinini sokuhlunga.
Izindleko eziphansi zokusebenzisa amathuluzi nokuphindaphinda ukuklama: Kuma-OEM kuzo zonke izimboni ezifuna izingxenye zensimbi ezinothile, eziyinkimbinkimbi nezinembayo, i-PCE manje isiwubuchwepheshe obukhethwayo njengoba ingasebenzisi kahle kuphela ngamajiyometri anzima, kodwa futhi ivumela ukuguquguquka konjiniyela we-Design ukuze lungisa imiklamo ngaphambi kwephuzu lokukhiqiza.
Isici esiyinhloko sokufeza lokhu ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi edijithali noma engilazi, angabizi ukukhiqiza ngakho-ke ashibhile ukufaka esikhundleni ngisho namaminithi ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukwakhiwa.Ngokungafani nokugxiviza isitembu, izindleko zamathuluzi edijithali azikhuli ngobunkimbinkimbi bengxenye, okuyinto ikhuthaza ukuqamba okusha njengoba abaklami begxila ekusebenzeni kwengxenye ethuthukisiwe kunezindleko.
Ngamasu endabuko okusebenza ngensimbi, kungashiwo ukuthi ukwanda kwengxenye eyinkimbinkimbi kulingana nokwenyuka kwezindleko, okuningi okuwumkhiqizo wamathuluzi abizayo futhi ayinkimbinkimbi.Izindleko nazo ziyakhuphuka lapho ubuchwepheshe bendabuko kufanele bubhekane nezinto ezingajwayelekile, ubukhulu kanye amamaki, wonke angenawo umthelela ezindlekweni ze-PCE.
Njengoba i-PCE ingasebenzisi amathuluzi aqinile, ukuguqulwa nokucindezeleka kuyaqedwa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingxenye ezikhiqizwayo ziyi-flat, zinezindawo ezihlanzekile futhi azikho ama-burrs, njengoba insimbi ichithwa ngokufanayo kuze kube yilapho i-geometry oyifunayo ifinyelelwa.
Inkampani ye-Micro Metals iklame ithebula elisebenziseka kalula ukuze lisize onjiniyela abaklama babuyekeze izinketho zamasampula ezitholakalayo kuma-prototypes aseduze, angafinyelelwa lapha.
I-prototyping yezomnotho: Nge-PCE, abasebenzisi bakhokha ishidi ngalinye esikhundleni sengxenye ngayinye, okusho ukuthi izingxenye ezinejometri ehlukene zingacutshungulwa ngesikhathi esisodwa ngethuluzi elilodwa.Ikhono lokukhiqiza izinhlobo zezingxenye eziningi ekukhiqizeni okukodwa kuyisihluthulelo sezindleko ezinkulu. ukonga okukhona kule nqubo.
I-PCE ingasetshenziswa cishe kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwensimbi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ithambile, iqinile noma i-brittle.I-Aluminium idume ngokunzima ukuyishaya ngenxa yokuthambile kwayo, futhi kunzima ukuyisika nge-laser ngenxa yezinto zayo ezikhanyayo.Ngokufanayo, ubulukhuni be-titanium buyinselele.Ngokwesibonelo. , i-micrometal ithuthukise izinqubo zobunikazi kanye namakhemikhali e-etching alezi zinto ezimbili ezikhethekile futhi ingenye yezinkampani ezimbalwa ezihlabayo emhlabeni ezinemishini yokufaka i-titanium.
Hlanganisa lokho kanye neqiniso lokuthi i-PCE ishesha ngokwemvelo, futhi isizathu sokukhula okuphawulekayo kokwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe eminyakeni yamuva sicacile.
Onjiniyela bokuklama baya ngokuya bephendukela ku-PCE njengoba bebhekene nengcindezi yokwenza izingxenye zensimbi ezinembayo ezincane, eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Njenganoma yikuphi ukukhetha kwenqubo, abaklami kudingeka baqonde izici ezithile zobuchwepheshe obukhethiwe bokukhiqiza lapho bebheka izakhiwo zokuklama kanye nemingcele.
Ukuguquguquka kokushumeka izithombe kanye nezinzuzo zako eziyingqayizivele njengendlela yokwenziwa kwensimbi enembayo kuyenza injini yokuqamba kabusha futhi ingasetshenziswa ngempela ukwakha izingxenye ezazibhekwa njengezingenakwenzeka uma kusetshenziswa ezinye izindlela zokwenziwa kwensimbi.


Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-26-2022

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